1 2 de Blois, François (1993), “Dahae I: Etymology”, Encyclopaedia Iranica, 6, Costa Mesa: Mazda, tr. 581
↑ David Asheri, Alan B. Lloyd, Aldo Corcella, Oswyn Murray, Alfonso Moreno, A commentary on Herodotus, Sách 1-4, trang 212
↑ Robert Drews, The Greek accounts of Eastern history, trang 177
↑ M. A. Dandamaev, A political history of the Achaemenid empire, trang 68
↑ M. A. Dandamaev, A political history of the Achaemenid empire, trang 67
↑ Bivar, A.D.H. (1993), “The Political History of Iran under the Arsacids”, trong Fischer, W.B.; Gershevitch, Ilya (biên tập), Cambridge History of Iran, 3.1, London: Nhà in Đại học Cambridge, tr. 21–99
